Perspectives
Root Causes
What are the different points of view of your topic or event?
If you focus on the mainly root of juvenile delinquency there are three primary factors; suitanable of drugs, Availability of guns, Juveniles are hired into illegal drug trade.Blumstein (1995) conclude that drug traffickers hire young people to distribute drugs. These individuals usually require guns for protection. Firearms began to distribute among rival gangs who fight over territory and drug marketing. The more weapons were used among gangs, inner cities, and drug infested areas the youth felt like they needed to carry a weapon for self protection. According to these situation there was higher level of arrest for firearm , violence, and drug trafficking. Guns have spread through gangs over violence.
https://www.ncjrs.gov/html/ojjdp/juris_tap_report/ch2_07.html
The traditional perspective of locking up the youth in order to benefit their physical behavior has been limited based on the the report, No Place for Kids: The Case for Reducing Juvenile Incarceration (52 pages, PDF), which concludes that incarceration the youth has failed. According to 2007 survey, more than sixty thousand youth, including young people of color within three years or release about one third of them has been rearrested. The report highlights that at least eighteen states have closed more than fifty juvenile detention centers over the past four years due to budget crises or abuse impropriety. The report also shows that states with a lower amount of juvenile's arrest with violent crimes from 1997 to 2007 saw a reduce of juvenile violent crime compared to does states with higher juvenile incarcerates. In conclusion incarceration juvenile expose the youth to further violence and abuse. In order to help correction centers to improve after youth incarceration patterns, the report offers six recommendations, i'm going to list some of them which are, limiting their financial needs for correctional placement so they won't be at risk of publicly; adopting youth changes and helping them manage their behavior; replacing large placing institution with small facilities for the most dangerous offenders; and collecting better data. I have we can develop better ideas and new facilities to help the youth.
Critical Perspectives
IT is recognize that african americans make up three percentage of iowa's population but appear to represent one third of violent crime conviction serving mandatory sentencing. Many of these individuals are being sentenced for robbery.
Iowa is the only state that has established mandatory harsh sentencing for robbery offences. Therefore, this year iowa has agreed to pass a bill where they are planning to add more years to second robbery degree.
Iowa has the greatest differences of arrest in marijuana possession. It is eight times more likely for a black person to get arrested for marijuana possession than a white individual, even though whites use marijuana at the same rate as blacks. The report is based on data collected by the FBI and U.S. Census Bureau in some individual counties black are 20 times most likely to be arrested for marijuana possession. Black make up 3.1 of iowa's population but in 2010, black individuals were arrested at a 8.34 rate for marijuana possession. That means that in a 100,000 population a black individuals 1,454 were arrested compare to 174 whites arrested per 100,000 of the population. There is a huge racial disparities in arrest and furthermore more states need to make an equality in criminal justice arrest. Marijuana arrest is accountable for half of all drug arrest. The legalization of marijuana in some states should decline individual's arrest and incarceration. The article also makes a point where iowa's has really poor studies based on racial difference in the criminal justice system.
Historical Criticism
The juvenile justice policy has evolve since the first juvenile court in chicago was established in 1899. The evolution of the juvenile court in divided in two stages which the Beuttler and Bell, 2010; Scott and Steinberg, 2010. Well all have different perspective about how the juvenile court's policies were established in each time period.
The first stage was in the 1960s, was to rehabilitate young offenders who were saw as innocent children who can learn from their mistakes. The system was created to prevent young offenders from being charged with an adult case. In this time period the juvenile court provided welfare for those offenders who suffer from abuse and were neglected by their parents. The purpose of the juvenile was to provide treatment for the young offenders to avoid crime.
The second stage was reform in the 1960s and 1970s it was believed that the juvenile court's mission was falling apart young people were getting harmen by the juveniles courts approached. Adolescents argue that the juvenile crimes were getting bad deals for thee juvenile system they were failing to sev the juvenile's needs the youth wasn't getting the treatment they were promised. Also juvelis didn't have the right to an attorney . the juvenile had no protection for their criminal case and were forced to take the judge's treatment and sentenced to prison like facilities. Fortunately the supreme court agreed with the critic conditions of the juvenile court . also juvenile offenders were appointed to an attorney.
Stage three, in the late 1890 the juvenile offenders began to rebel against the juvenile court. The youth offenders were referred as super predators who needed serious treatment. At this time period it was recognized that the juvenile offenders were different from adult case but adult criminality impact youth's behavior. Instead the juvenile court added to new policies to their facilities and increase the term of punishments specially to those who were going to stay longer.
Years later policy maker and the public started to have second thoughts about the conditions of the juvenile court which lead to the fourth stage. according to the new policies that have been changed and added juvenile incarceration has been really low. evidence indicates that imposing harsh sentences on young offenders is unlikely to reduce reoffending or contribute to public safety in the way that supporters of get-tough policies assumed.In response, some states have repealed laws mandating transfer to adult court, and others have raised the general age of criminal court jurisdiction. At the same time, states and localities have embraced evidence-based programs, sometimes shifting resources from expensive institutional facilities to communities (Bray, 2009)
What are the different points of view of your topic or event?
If you focus on the mainly root of juvenile delinquency there are three primary factors; suitanable of drugs, Availability of guns, Juveniles are hired into illegal drug trade.Blumstein (1995) conclude that drug traffickers hire young people to distribute drugs. These individuals usually require guns for protection. Firearms began to distribute among rival gangs who fight over territory and drug marketing. The more weapons were used among gangs, inner cities, and drug infested areas the youth felt like they needed to carry a weapon for self protection. According to these situation there was higher level of arrest for firearm , violence, and drug trafficking. Guns have spread through gangs over violence.
https://www.ncjrs.gov/html/ojjdp/juris_tap_report/ch2_07.html
The traditional perspective of locking up the youth in order to benefit their physical behavior has been limited based on the the report, No Place for Kids: The Case for Reducing Juvenile Incarceration (52 pages, PDF), which concludes that incarceration the youth has failed. According to 2007 survey, more than sixty thousand youth, including young people of color within three years or release about one third of them has been rearrested. The report highlights that at least eighteen states have closed more than fifty juvenile detention centers over the past four years due to budget crises or abuse impropriety. The report also shows that states with a lower amount of juvenile's arrest with violent crimes from 1997 to 2007 saw a reduce of juvenile violent crime compared to does states with higher juvenile incarcerates. In conclusion incarceration juvenile expose the youth to further violence and abuse. In order to help correction centers to improve after youth incarceration patterns, the report offers six recommendations, i'm going to list some of them which are, limiting their financial needs for correctional placement so they won't be at risk of publicly; adopting youth changes and helping them manage their behavior; replacing large placing institution with small facilities for the most dangerous offenders; and collecting better data. I have we can develop better ideas and new facilities to help the youth.
Critical Perspectives
IT is recognize that african americans make up three percentage of iowa's population but appear to represent one third of violent crime conviction serving mandatory sentencing. Many of these individuals are being sentenced for robbery.
Iowa is the only state that has established mandatory harsh sentencing for robbery offences. Therefore, this year iowa has agreed to pass a bill where they are planning to add more years to second robbery degree.
Iowa has the greatest differences of arrest in marijuana possession. It is eight times more likely for a black person to get arrested for marijuana possession than a white individual, even though whites use marijuana at the same rate as blacks. The report is based on data collected by the FBI and U.S. Census Bureau in some individual counties black are 20 times most likely to be arrested for marijuana possession. Black make up 3.1 of iowa's population but in 2010, black individuals were arrested at a 8.34 rate for marijuana possession. That means that in a 100,000 population a black individuals 1,454 were arrested compare to 174 whites arrested per 100,000 of the population. There is a huge racial disparities in arrest and furthermore more states need to make an equality in criminal justice arrest. Marijuana arrest is accountable for half of all drug arrest. The legalization of marijuana in some states should decline individual's arrest and incarceration. The article also makes a point where iowa's has really poor studies based on racial difference in the criminal justice system.
Historical Criticism
The juvenile justice policy has evolve since the first juvenile court in chicago was established in 1899. The evolution of the juvenile court in divided in two stages which the Beuttler and Bell, 2010; Scott and Steinberg, 2010. Well all have different perspective about how the juvenile court's policies were established in each time period.
The first stage was in the 1960s, was to rehabilitate young offenders who were saw as innocent children who can learn from their mistakes. The system was created to prevent young offenders from being charged with an adult case. In this time period the juvenile court provided welfare for those offenders who suffer from abuse and were neglected by their parents. The purpose of the juvenile was to provide treatment for the young offenders to avoid crime.
The second stage was reform in the 1960s and 1970s it was believed that the juvenile court's mission was falling apart young people were getting harmen by the juveniles courts approached. Adolescents argue that the juvenile crimes were getting bad deals for thee juvenile system they were failing to sev the juvenile's needs the youth wasn't getting the treatment they were promised. Also juvelis didn't have the right to an attorney . the juvenile had no protection for their criminal case and were forced to take the judge's treatment and sentenced to prison like facilities. Fortunately the supreme court agreed with the critic conditions of the juvenile court . also juvenile offenders were appointed to an attorney.
Stage three, in the late 1890 the juvenile offenders began to rebel against the juvenile court. The youth offenders were referred as super predators who needed serious treatment. At this time period it was recognized that the juvenile offenders were different from adult case but adult criminality impact youth's behavior. Instead the juvenile court added to new policies to their facilities and increase the term of punishments specially to those who were going to stay longer.
Years later policy maker and the public started to have second thoughts about the conditions of the juvenile court which lead to the fourth stage. according to the new policies that have been changed and added juvenile incarceration has been really low. evidence indicates that imposing harsh sentences on young offenders is unlikely to reduce reoffending or contribute to public safety in the way that supporters of get-tough policies assumed.In response, some states have repealed laws mandating transfer to adult court, and others have raised the general age of criminal court jurisdiction. At the same time, states and localities have embraced evidence-based programs, sometimes shifting resources from expensive institutional facilities to communities (Bray, 2009)